Vocab+Terms

UNIT 1 - VIDEO 101 **pre-production** - The first phase of video production. Any and all activities that occur before the cameras begin recording. **production** - The second phase of video production. The actual shooting, recording, and or capturing of video. **post-production** - The third phase of video production. Any and all activities that occur after the cameras have stopped recording. Including sequencing, editing, graphics, sound effects and music. **distribution** - The fourth and final phase of video production. Delivering the final project in the right format and to the proper outlets. **program proposal** - The very first step in video production. A document created by the scriptwriter in order to "pitch" the general idea to the person/people that need to give approval for further pre-production to begin **storyboard** - Takes place after the program proposal has been approved. Sketches that represent the plan and sequencing of elements involved in the video production. **production meeting** - A meeting with the entire production crew in which the producer/director lays out the key concepts for the project. Pre-production, production, and post-production tasks are assigned. **editing** - The process of placing individual clips in a logical order. (Sequencing) Editing also includes adding transitions, filters, text, music and sound effects. **export** - The process of sending the completed project for proper distribution. **DVD** - Digital Video Disc - An optical disc that can store large amounts of video data.

UNIT 2 - LEGAL **copyright laws** - Set of laws that protect the creators of original material from having their creative work used without proper permission and compensation. **fair use** - Guidelines for the limited use of copyrighted materials without obtaining permission from the copyright holders. **public domain** - Material that is no longer copyrighted due to the passage of time. (1923) **release** - Permission in written form with signatures of all parties involved for a specific event. **passive release** - A release with assumed generalities that covers multiple recording events. (you signed one!) **talent release** - Permission for video producers to record and use images and audio of the talent. **property release** - A signed document that grants a video team permission to shoot on private property. **public property** - Owned by local, state, or national government. Property release is not required but must follow rules of the property. **private property** - Owned by an individual or organization. Property release is required. **trademark law** - Protects a company's brand identification to ensure that when a consumer sees a logo or label it is properly identified.

UNIT 3 - COLOR TEMPERATURE, KEY **white light** – A mixture of all colors at the same intensity. **white balance** – Calibrates the camera for accurate color display in different lighting conditions. Should be performed prior to any recording. **Planck’s Law** – An equation to find and apply the different temperatures of light. **3200K** – Indoor color balance. Tungsten balanced. **5600K** – Outdoor color balance. Daylight balanced. **key** – An effect in which a portion of the picture is electronically removed and replaced with another source. **chrominance** – The color portion of the video signal, which includes the hue and saturation. **chroma key** – An effect in which a specific color is blocked from the video source. **luminance** – A measure of the brightness of a video image **luminance key** – An effect in which a specific brightness is blocked from the video source.

UNIT 4 - CAMERA: ANGLES & MOVEMENTS **angle** – The precise viewpoint from which something is observed. **POV** – Point of View. An angle in which the camera assumes a subject’s view and thus the viewers see what the subject sees. (1st person) **pan** – A camera pivot, moving the lens horizontally. Pan left. Pan right. **tilt** – A camera pivot, moving the lens vertically. Tilt up. Tilt down. **zoom** – Technically this isn’t a camera move, but a change in lens focal length which gives the illusion of moving the camera closer or further away. Zoom in. Zoom out. **truck** – A camera movement that is parallel to the set. Truck left. Truck right. **dolly** – A camera movement toward or away from the set. Dolly in. Dolly out. **dolly zoom** – A combination camera move which makes the foreground images stay the same while the background elements grow or shrink. (also one of your assignments) **glide track** – A track system that allows for smooth camera movements. (Dolly, Truck) **shaky cam** – Rough, bouncy, camera movements. Used intentionally for a dramatic effect. When used unintentionally, its just bad production. (aka – fire hose, jitter cam, hand held) **shot sheet** – A numerical listing of each shot to be captured during production.

UNIT 5 - TIMESHIFTING **slow motion** – A filmmaking technique in which the action on screen is slower than normal, achieved by filming at a speed faster than the standard rate and then projecting the film at the standard speed **time lapse** – When frames are captured much lower than they will be viewed. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing. **Timecode** – a set of cooperating standards to label individual frames of video or film. (00:00:00:00) – (hrs:mins:secs:frames) **FPS (frames per second)** – The rate at which a camera produces unique consecutive images. ( -The human eye can see 10 to 12 FPS - Film is played at 24 FPS - Standard video is played at 30 FPS) **match cut** – A cut between two shots which match visually. This match establishes a sense of continuity and interconnectedness between space and time. **cut** – The change from one scene or shot to another. Transitions can be used between them. **cut away** – The interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. It is usually, although not always, followed by a cut back to the first shot. **jump cut** – A cut in which two sequential shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly. This type of edit gives the effect of jumping forwards in time. **pace** – The rhythm of all of your cuts in a project. How long each shot is on the screen. **E.D.L.** – Edit decision list. The list contains an ordered list of data and timecode representing where each clip is and how it is edited. (XML)

UNIT 6 - TEXT, GRAPHICS, KEYFRAMES **Element Rule #1** – Stick to thick. **Element Rule #2** – Concentrate on contrast **Element Rule #3** – 3 by 3. Never use more than 3 lines of text, and all elements need to be on screen for at least 3 seconds. **Element Rule #4** – Motion is a must. **GRFX** – Production jargon for “graphics.” All of the artwork seen in a production including titles, logos, and even still images. **OTS** – Production jargon which stands for “over the shoulder.” In a news broadcast OTS is a location to place graphics while a story is being reported. **title safe** – Term used in video production to describe areas of the picture in which titles can be seen while avoiding distortion. **action safe** – Term used in video production to describe areas of the picture in which action can be seen while avoiding distortion. **aspect ratio** – The relationship of the width of the screen to the height **16:9** – High Definition broadcast video aspect ratio. (current) **4:3** – Standard Definition broadcast video aspect ratio. (old) **Ken Burns Effect** – A slow panning and zooming effect used in video production for still imagery. The slow movement adds more visual interest. **keyframe** – Defines the starting and ending points of any smooth transition or movement.

UNIT 7 - TV PRODUCTION **package** – A story that is 1-2 minutes in length, contains its own intro and outro, is edited, and can be inserted into a live program **4 part news package** – A package the covers a news event while using a stand-up, voice-over, B-roll, and an interview **Stand-up** – Footage of a reporter standing in front of the camera speaking directly to the viewers. Usually recorded from location. **VO** – Voiceover. Narration provided by the talent that is heard, but not seen by the viewer. **B-roll** – Footage that includes shots of anything visual that relates to the story. Can be played over voiceovers and interviews. **interview** – Involves a conversation between an interviewer and an interviewee. Can be in studio, or in the field. **news magazine (TV)** – A television formula that incorporates “mini documentaries” which go more in-depth and provide more than just facts. **soundbite** – A small portion of audio used to support the main story. (SOT – Sound On Tape) **3-part package** – A package the covers an event while using voice-overs, B-roll, and soundbites from multiple sources. **evergreen** – Story/angle that does not fade over time. Can be broadcast at any time.